IBM has shown a new chip design called NanoStack. It can put 100 billion transistorstransistors/trænˈzɪstərz/L2晶体管，用于放大或开关电子信号的半导体器件small electronic devices that control the flow of electricity in computers and other machines. on a chip the size of a fingernail. This chip is about 0.7 nanometres. That is smaller than the current standard of 2 nanometres. As a result, the new chip is 50% faster and uses 70% less energy than IBM's previous 2nm chip. However, the technology will not be ready for productionproduction/prəˈdʌkʃən/L2生产，制造过程the process of making or growing something, usually in large amounts. for several years.
Transistors are the building blocks of chips in phones, computers, and data centres. They also power streaming, online banking, and AI. For many years, the number of transistors on a chip doubled every two years. This is called Moore's Law. But now it is harder to keep this pace. To solve this, IBM stacksstacks/stæks/L2堆叠，一层层叠放things placed on top of each other in a pile or layers. sheets of transistors on top of each other. Jay Gambetta from IBM called this a "landmarklandmark/ˈlændmɑːrk/L2里程碑，具有重大意义的事件或成就an important event or achievement that marks a big change or progress. moment" for the future of chips.
Professor Alan Woodward compared the design to a 100-storey skyscraper. He said IBM's rivals like Samsung and Intel are only at 30 to 50 storeys. One big challenge is heat. Transistors get hot, and thin layers can stop them from switching off. This can break the chip. Even so, Woodward said IBM's plan is the most ambitiousambitious/æmˈbɪʃəs/L2雄心勃勃的，有远大目标的having a strong desire to achieve difficult or important things..
